Keep away from these time-zone and daylight saving journey errors

On a damp evening in late March a few years ago in London, I learned the hard way that countries don’t all change their clocks for daylight saving time simultaneously. After ordering a glass of white wine at a cozy bar in Bermondsey, I mindlessly scrolled on my phone while the bartenders chatted about the clocks jumping forward that coming Sunday. I nearly spit out my Chablis.

Back home in New York City, I had already skipped ahead one hour on the second Sunday in March. As I frantically Googled, I learned that in the U.K. the clocks go forward one hour on the last Sunday in March.

Don’t be like me and lose two hours of sleep in one month. When you travel, remember the following to avoid daylight saving time-related snafus and other time zone mistakes.

Daylight saving time happens on different days around the world — or not at all

The U.K. isn’t the only country that changes its clocks on a different weekend than we do in the U.S. For example, most European countries follow the same calendar as the U.K., moving clocks forward one hour on the last Sunday in March and back one hour on the last Sunday in October.

Generally, when traveling in the spring and fall, it’s always best to check when the country you’re going to falls forward or backward — and also whether that country observes daylight saving time at all. In fact, according to the Pew Research Center, about 66% of the world doesn’t.

Though daylight saving time is commonly observed in North America and Europe, many non-EU countries in Europe stay on standard time year-round, including Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Iceland, Russia and Turkey.

In 2023, Egypt became the only country in Africa to change its clocks when it reintroduced daylight saving time for the first time in seven years. Now, each year, its clocks move forward one hour on the last Friday in April and backward one hour on the last Thursday in October.

Not all states within the same country follow daylight saving time

It’s also worth double-checking these things even if you’re traveling within the United States. In 48 states, daylight saving time runs from the second Sunday in March to the first Sunday in November. Arizona and Hawaii are the outliers who stay on standard time year-round. While it’s less of an issue on an island like Hawaii, Arizona shares enough borders with other states that do observe daylight saving time that it can be problematic.

“Always double-check timing when flying in/out and on road trips through the state,” says Becky Blaine, TPG’s senior newsletter editor and an Arizona resident. Otherwise, you can risk missing a flight or reservation.

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To keep it simple, remember that Arizona is in the Pacific Time Zone from mid-March to early November, and the rest of the year it’s in the same time zone as other Mountain Time Zone states.

It’s a similar situation in Canada. Generally, Canada follows the same daylight saving schedule as the United States, but most of Saskatchewan, the Yukon and some parts of Quebec and British Columbia stay on standard time year-round.

In Australia, daylight saving time starts the first Sunday in October and ends the first Sunday in April in the Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, South Australia, Tasmania and Victoria, while the Northern Territory, Queensland and Western Australia don’t observe it.

Private island resorts sometimes create their own time zones

Outside of daylight saving time changes, there are some general time zone issues to be aware of while traveling.

In countries as large as the U.S., Canada and Australia, it’s easy to see why there are so many time zones. But Eric Rosen, TPG’s director of travel content, also points out that in the Maldives, the airport is in a different time zone than some of the resorts in the tiny island nation.

Technically, the Maldives has only one official time zone: Maldives Time, which is five hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time, also abbreviated as UTC. However, some of the archipelago’s private island resorts add an hour to Maldives Time to maximize their guests’ evening light.

For example, the St. Regis Maldives Vommuli Resort sets its clock one hour ahead of the official clock to what it calls “Island Time” but also provides guests with butlers who coordinate transfers to and from the airport so nobody accidentally misses a flight.

Before you go to the Maldives, be sure to check if your resort also does this.

Related: The surprising reason some hotels have their own time zone

Some places have half-hour time zones

Due to its geographic location, the Canadian island of Newfoundland is 90 minutes ahead of Eastern Time instead of just 60 minutes ahead like the rest of Atlantic Canada. On a July trip, Nick Ewen, TPG’s senior editorial director, found this challenging for calendar purposes.

While traveling in Newfoundland, he received an Outlook invitation for a 7:30 p.m. dinner meeting the following week and accepted it without thinking much about it. However, the actual dinner back home in the U.S. started at 6 p.m. Eastern Time, a detail he completely missed until the reminder popped up 15 minutes before — at which point he realized he would be late.

Other places offset from UTC by 30 minutes include India, Sri Lanka, Afghanistan, Iran and some states in Australia. Want to be confused even more? Nepal’s time zone is offset by 45 minutes due to its geography.

“Last year, I brought my middle son to a birthday party. We were running a few minutes late, but when we arrived, it seemed like the party was almost over,” says Tarah Chieffi, a senior writer at TPG. “While the kids were eating cake, I double-checked my calendar to make sure we had gotten the time right, and it seemed like we had. But then I went to check the invitation, and we had, in fact, arrived one hour late.”

Her mistake? When she entered the party into her calendar while traveling, her calendar app defaulted to the time zone she was in and showed her the incorrect time back home.

“Now, I always toggle the time zone to my home time zone if I enter appointments into my calendar while I’m traveling,” she says.

Another trick?

“Outlook lets you have up to three time zones showing on the calendar,” says Madison Blancaflor, TPG’s managing editor of content operations.

Go to settings > calendar > time zones. Then check the box for “show second time zone in Day and Week view” underneath your default time zone. Need a third one? You can also check that box.

It’s also important to remember that it’s possible to quickly encounter multiple time zones on cruises — especially on transoceanic cruises, where you’ll change time zones daily or almost daily. And if you’re on a cruise traversing the Pacific Ocean, you could lose an entire day if you cross the International Date Line, like Clint Henderson, a managing editor at TPG, did when he recently sailed from Seward, Alaska, to Tokyo.

Even on shorter cruises, check if you’ll have to change time zones. “I was on a shorter-than-a-week cruise from Portugal to Spain, and we had to change time zones back and forth with just a day in between,” says Erica Silverstein, TPG’s managing editor of cruises.

Cabin stewards usually leave notes on your bed at turndown to remind you of upcoming time changes. Henderson says he had to set his clocks back between one to two hours each night on his cruise. But Silverstein says you can’t always depend on your cellphone to correct the right time when it’s in airplane mode and accessing satellite-based internet. She recommends bringing an analog watch or alarm clock to ground you if you don’t know whether your device will update properly.

Related: Can a cruise help with jet lag? The answer might surprise you