The 1st chapter of Kalpa Siddhi Sthanam of Ashtanga Hridayam is named as Vamana Kalpa Adhyayah. This chapter deals with the explanation of ‘emetic recipes.’
The topics covered in this chapter include –
- Madana Kalpa – recipes from Madanaphala
- Conditions wherein emesis should be given
- Use of Madanaphala Pippali in many diseases
- Use of Madanaphala Pippali for pitta located in seats of kapha
- Use of ghee prepared from Madanaphala
- Use of confection prepared from Madanaphala
- Use of Madanaphala Kashaya for Santarpanotta vyadhis
- Jimuta Kalpa (recipes of Jimuta)
- Iksvaku Kalpa
- Dhamargava Kalpa
- Ksveda Kalpa – Recipes of Ksveda
- Kutaja Kalpa – Recipes of Kutaja
Pledge by the author(s)
अथातो वमनकल्पं व्याख्यास्याम: ।
इति ह स्माहुरात्रेयादयो महर्षय: ।।
After having offered prayers to the God, henceforth we are going to explain the chapter pertaining to the explanation of ‘preparation of recipes for vamana i.e. producing vomiting / emetic recipes’ Thus say (pledge) Atreya and other sages.
अथ मदनकल्प: –
Now the emetic recipes prepared from madana i.e. Randia dumetorum shall be expounded.
Madana Kalpa: Recipes from Madanaphala
वमने मदनं श्रेष्ठं त्रिवृन्मूलं विरेचने ।
नित्यमन्यस्य तु व्याधिविशेषेण विशिष्टता ॥ १ ॥
For producing vomiting, madanaṃ – Randia dumetorum is the best and for producing purgation trivṛt mūlaṃ – the roots of Trivrt – Operculina turpethum, always; Whereas others are specific to specific diseases.
फलानि नातिपाण्डूनि न चातिहरितान्यपि ।
आदायाह्नि प्रशतर्क्षे मध्ये ग्रीष्मवसन्तयोः ॥ २ ॥
प्रमृज्य कुशमुत्तोल्यां क्षिप्त्वा बद्ध्वा प्रलेपयेत् ।
गोमयेनानु मुत्तोलीं धान्यमध्ये निधापयेत् ॥ ३ ॥
मृदुभूतानि मध्विष्टगन्धानि कुशवेष्टनात् ।
निष्कृष्टानि गतेऽष्टाहे शोषयेत्तान्यथातपे ॥ ४ ॥
तेषां ततः सुशुष्काणामुद्धृत्य फलपिप्पलीः ।
दधिमध्वाज्यपललैर्मृदित्वा शोषयेत्पुनः ॥ ५ ॥
ततः सुगुप्तं संस्थाप्य कार्यकाले प्रयोजयेत् ।
phalāni – Fruits of Randia dumetorum which are neither very white (due to over–ripping) nor very green (being unripe) are collected on an auspicious day between summer and spring, cleansed of its impurities and placed inside a bundle of Kusa grass – Saccharum spontaneum and tied with threads, the bundle is given a coating gomayena – of cow dung and (after it dries) the bundle is concealed inside a heap of corn/ grains; When these (fruits) become soft and start emitting pleasant smell like honey due to wrapping with bundle of kusha, after a lapse of eight days, they should be taken out and dried in the sun. Then the Phala Pippali i.e. seeds of the Randia dumetorum fruit which are well dried are separated,
soaked in either curds/ yoghurt, honey, ghee or meat juice
and after squeezing them again dried in the sun. Afterwards it is preserved in a secret (safe) place and made used of at the time of treatment.
अथादाय ततो मात्रां जर्जरीकृत्य वासयेत् ॥ ६ ॥
शर्वरीं मधुयष्ट्या वा कोविदारस्य वा जले ।
कर्बुदारस्य बिम्ब्या वा नीपस्य विदुलस्य वा ॥ ७ ॥
शणपुष्प्याः सदापुष्प्याः प्रत्यक्पुष्प्युदकेऽथवा ।
ततः पिबेत्कषायं तं प्रातर्मृदितगालितम् ॥ ८ ॥
सूत्रोदितेन विधिना साधु तेन तथा वमेत् ।
Next, that much quantity (determined as the suitable dose) is taken out, powdered nicely and kept soaked for one night in the decoction of either Glycyrrhiza glabra, or Bauhinia variegata karbudārasya – Luffa echinata, bimbyā vā – Coccinia indica, nīpasya – Anthocephalus indicus, vidulasya vā – Barringtonia acutangula, śaṇapuṣpyāḥ – Crotalaria verrucosa, sadāpuṣpyāḥ – Vinca rosea, or decoction of pratyakpuṣpyā athavā – Achyranthus aspera, decoction. Next morning The mix is squeezed, macerated, filtered, consumed followed by drinking of the same decoction, in the manner as described, in sutrasthana (chapter 18). By this, the patient vomits without any difficulty.
Conditions wherein emesis should be given
श्लेष्मज्वरप्रतिश्यायगुल्मान्तर्विद्रधीषु च ॥ ९ ॥ प्रच्छर्दयेद्विशेषेण यावत्पित्तस्य दर्शनम् ।
In diseases such as fever of Kapha origin, Nasal catarrh, abdominal tumour and internal abscess, vomiting should be allowed especially till the appearance of Pitta (bile in the vomitus).
Use of Madanaphala Pippali in many diseases
फलपिप्पलीचूर्णं वा क्वाथेन स्वेन भावितम् ॥ १० ॥
त्रिभागत्रिफलाचूर्णं कोविदारादिवारिणा ।
पिबेज्ज्वरारुचिष्ठेवग्रन्थ्यपच्यर्बुदोदरी ॥ ११ ॥
phalapippalī cūrṇaṃ – Powder of the seeds of Randia dumetorum macerated in the decoction of its own (of the seeds) mixed three parts of the triphalā cūrṇaṃ – powder of Triphala (Haritaki – Terminalia chebula, Vibhitaki – Terminalia bellerica, Amalaki – Emblica officinalis) should be consumed along with decoction of Bauhinia variegata etc. Should be consumed (any one) by patients of fever, anorexia, expectoration of sputum, tumours, goitre, malignant tumour and enlargement of the abdomen.
Use of Madanaphala Pippali for pitta located in seats of kapha
पित्ते कफस्थानगते जीमूतादिजलेन तत् ।
हृद्दाहेऽधोऽस्रपित्ते च क्षीरं तत्पिप्पलीशृतम् ॥ १२ ॥
क्षैरेयीं वा कफच्छर्दिप्रसेकतमकेषु तु ।
When Pitta is found in the seats of Kapha, it (seeds of Randia dumetorum) should be consumed with the decoction of Jimuta- Luffa echinata etc. In heart-burn or bleeding disease of downward routes the seeds of madana – Randia dumetorum boiled in milk or milk pudding should be consumed. In excess of kapha, vomiting, nausea and asthma water of curds or curds itself prepared from milk boiled with it (seeds of Randia dumetorum) is deal.
Use of ghee prepared from Madanaphala
फलादिक्वाथकल्काभ्यां सिद्धं तत्सिद्धदुग्धजम् ।
सर्पिः कफाभिभूतेऽग्नौ शुष्यद्देहे च वामनम् ॥ १४ ॥
Ghee prepared from milk boiled with the decoction or paste of Randia dumetorum, etc. is good to produce vomiting in persons who have their Agni (digestive fire) diminished by Kapha and for those who are emaciated.
Use of confection prepared from Madanaphala
स्वरसं फलमज्ज्ञो वा भल्लातकविधिशृतम् ।
आदर्वीलेपनात् सिद्धं लीढ्वा प्रच्छर्दयेत् सुखम् ॥ १५ ॥
तं लेहं भक्ष्यभोज्येषु तत्कषायांश्च योजयेत् ।
Fresh juice of Phala Majja (marrow of Randia dumetorum) prepared in the same manner as that of Semecarpus anacardium (vide chapter 39 of uttarasthana) in that consistency of sticking to the ladle (avaleha/ confection), If it is licked (in suitable dose), it produces vomiting without difficulty. This confection and the decoction may be used along with other eatables (foods and drinks).
Use of Madanaphala Kashaya for Santarpanotta vyadhis
वत्सकादिप्रतीवापः कषायः फलमज्जजः ॥ १६ ॥
निम्बार्कान्यतरक्वाथसमायुक्तो नियच्छति ।
बद्धमूलानपि व्याधीन् सर्वान् सन्तर्पणोद्भवान् ॥ १७ ॥
Decoction of marrow of Randia dumetorum mixed with the powder of herbs of Vatsakadi gana (chapter 15of Sutrasthana) consumed along with the decoction of Azadirachta indica, arka – Calotropis gigantea or others cures all diseases caused by over-nutrition even if they are deep rooted.
Use of Madanaphala Kashaya for Santarpanotta vyadhis
राठपुष्पफलश्लक्ष्णचूर्णैर्माल्यं सुरूक्षितम् ।
वमेन्मण्डरसादीनां तृप्तो जिघ्रन् सुखं सुखी ॥ १८ ॥
एवमेव फलाभावे कल्प्यं पुष्पं शलाटु वा ।
The happy man (he who is incapable of withstanding strain) will vomit easily by smelling the garland which has been sprinkled with the fine dried powder of flowers or fruits of Ratha (Randia dumetorum), after he is made contented by ingestion of scum of beer juice of meat etc. In the same manner, recipes can be prepared with either the flowers or tender fruits (of madana – Randia dumetorum), when ripe fruits are not available.
Thus, ends the Madana Kalpa
Jimuta Kalpa (Recipes of Jimuta)
जीमूताद्याश्च फलवज्जीमूतं तु विशेषतः ॥ १९ ॥
प्रयोक्तव्यं ज्वरश्वासकासहिध्मादिरोगिणाम् ।
jīmūtādyāśca – Luffa echinata and others are also similar to Phala (Madana – Randia dumetorum, recipes prepared in the same manner) especially jīmūtaṃ tu – The Jimuta – Luffa echinate. It is to be administered especially for patients of fevers, dyspnoea, cough, hiccup and such other diseases.
Jimuta Kalpa
पयः पुष्पेऽस्य निर्वृत्ते फले पेया पयस्कृता ॥ २० ॥
रोमशे क्षीरसन्तानं दध्युत्तरमरोमशे ।
शृते पयसि दध्यम्लं जातं हरितपाण्डुके ॥ २१ ॥
आसुत्य वारुणीमण्डं पिबेन्मृदितगालितम् ।
कफादरोचके कासे पाण्डुत्वे राजयक्ष्मणि ॥ २२ ॥
When its flowers are available, they should be consumed boiled with milk; when emerging fruits are available with peya (thin gruel) prepared with milk. When fruits with fine hairs on them (tender unripe) are available, with the cream of milk; when fruits without hair (ripe) are available, with the water of curds (whey); when fruits which have become greenish-white(stage in between ripe and over ripe) with sour curds prepared from boiled milk. Fruits may be squeezed in Scum of varuni wine and consumed by squeezing and filtering it, in loss of appetite due to Kapha, cough, anaemia and pulmonary tuberculosis.
इयं च कल्पना कार्या तुम्बीकोशातकीष्वपि ।
पर्यागतानां शुष्काणां फलानां वेणिजन्मनाम् ॥ २३ ॥
चूर्णस्य पयसा शुक्तिं वातपित्तार्दितः पिबेत् ।
द्वे वा त्रीण्यपि वाऽऽपोथ्य क्वाथे तिक्तोत्तमस्य वा॥२४ ॥
आरग्वधादिनवकादासुत्यान्यतमस्य वा ।
विमृद्य पूतं तं क्वाथं पित्तश्लेष्मज्वरी पिबेत् ॥ २५ ॥
Similar recipes can be prepared with those of tumbī – Lagenaria siceraria and Luffa acutangular (24 grams) of powder of fruits of veṇi – Luffa echinata after getting ripened, which have become dry should be consumed with milk by the patient who is troubled by Vata- Pitta (undergoing increase together). The patient of fever caused by Pitta and Kapha should drink the decoction of either nimbi – Azadirachta indica or Patola – Trichosanthes dioica or any one of the nine herbs commencing with Aragvadha -Cassia fistula (in the Aragvadhadi Gana- vide chapter 15 of sutrasthana) in which two or three fruits are squeezed and then fluid allowed to ferment, later macerated (squeezed) and filtered and consumed.
Jimuta Kalpa: For fever
जीमूतकल्कं चूर्णं वा पिबेच्छीतेन वारिणा ।
ज्वरे पैत्ते कवोष्णेन कफवातात् कफादपि ॥ २६ ॥
Paste or powder of Luffa echinata may be consumed with cold water in fever of Pitta origin; with luke-warm water in fever arising from Kapha and Vata or only Kapha.
Thus ends Jimutra Kalpa.
Ikshvaku Kalpa (Recipes of Ikshvaku)
कासश्वासविषच्छर्दिज्वरार्ते कफकर्शिते ।
इक्ष्वाकुर्वमने शस्तः प्रताम्यति च मानवे ॥ २७ ॥
ikṣvāku: – Lagenaria siceraria, is best for producing vomiting in persons suffering from cough, dyspnoea, poison, vomiting, fever, increase of Kapha and patients who suffer with epsiodes of unconsciousness.
फलपुष्पविहीनस्य प्रवालैस्तस्य साधितम् ।
पित्तश्लेष्मज्वरे क्षीरं पित्तोद्रिक्ते प्रयोजयेत् ॥ २८ ॥
When the Plant (of Lagenaria siceraria) is not having either fruits or flowers, its tender leaves are boiled with milk and administered. This can be administered in fever caused by Pitta – Kapha and in cases of increase of Pitta.
हृतमध्ये फले जीर्णे स्थितं क्षीरं यदा दधि ।
स्यात्तदा कफजे कासे श्वासे वम्यं च पाययेत् ॥ २९ ॥
Milk is filled into the cavity made in the ripe fruit (of Lagenaria siceraria) by removing its marrow and allowed to get curdled. This should be administered for producing vomiting in cough and dyspnoea arising from Kapha.
मस्तुना वा फलान्मध्यं पाण्डुकुष्ठविषार्दितः ।
तेन तक्रं विपक्वं वा पिबेत्समधुसैन्धवम् ॥ ३० ॥
Patients of anaemia, skin disease and poisoning should consume the marrow of the fruits with Mastu (water of buttermilk / curd) or boiled with buttermilk and added with honey and rock salt.
भावयित्वाऽऽजदुग्धेन बीजं तेनैव वा पिबेत् ।
विषगुल्मोदरग्रन्थिगण्डेषु श्लीपदेषु च ॥ ३१ ॥
The seeds soaked and macerated with goat’s milk may be consumed followed by drinking the same (goat’s milk) in diseases such as poisoning, abdominal tumour, enlargement of the abdomen, tumours, enlargement of lymph glands and filariasis.
सक्तुभिर्वा पिबेन्मन्थं तुम्बीस्वरसभावितैः ।
कफोद्भवे ज्वरे कासे गलरोगेष्वरोचके ॥ ३२ ॥
Mantha prepared from Saktu (flour of barley) soaked in the juice of Iksvaku – Lagenaria siceraria should be consumed (to cure) in fever of Kapha origin, cough, diseases of the throat and loss of appetite/taste.
गुल्मे ज्वरे प्रसक्ते च कल्कं मांसरसैः पिबेत् ।
नरः साधु वमत्येवं न च दौर्बल्यमश्नुते ॥ ३३ ॥
Paste of tumbi – Lagenaria siceraria along with juice of meat should be consumed by persons suffering from abdominal tumour and long standing fevers, by this the person vomits easily and they will not have weakness.
तुम्ब्याः फलरसैः शुष्कैः सपुष्पैरवचूर्णितम् ।
छर्दयेन्माल्यमाघ्राय गन्धसम्पत्सुखोचितः ॥ ३४ ॥
Powder of flowers of tumbi – Lagenaria siceraria mixed the juice of its fruits and dried. The dry powder is then sprinkled on the flowers of a garland. By smelling these flowers endowed with good fragrance the person vomits without any difficulty.
Thus, ends the Iksvaku Kalpa.
Dhamargava Kalpa (Recipes of Dhamargava)
कासगुल्मोदरगरे वाते श्लेष्माशयस्थिते ।
कफे च कण्ठवक्त्रस्थे कफसञ्चयजेषु च ॥ ३५ ॥
धामार्गवो गदेष्विष्टः स्थिरेषु च महत्सु च ।
dhāmārgavo – Luffa cylindrica is best suited in diseases such as cough, abdominal tumour, enlargement of the abdomen, artificial poison, when Vata is found localised in the seat of Kapha, when Kapha is accumulated in the throat and mouth and in diseases caused by accumulation of Kapha which are long standing and greatly exacerbated.
जीवकर्षभकौ वीरा कपिकच्छूः शतावरी ॥ ३६ ॥
काकोली श्रावणी मेदा महामेदा मधूलिका ।
तद्रजोभिः पृथग्लेहा धामार्गवरजोऽन्विताः ॥ ३७ ॥
कासे हृदयदाहे च शस्ता मधुसिताद्रुताः ।
ते सुखाम्भोऽनुपानाः स्युः पित्तोष्मसहिते कफे ॥ ३८ ॥
Confection prepared from the powder of either of Malaxis acuminata, ṛṣabhakau -Manilkara hexandra, vīrā – Roscoea purpurea, kapikacchūḥ – Mucuna pruriens, śatāvarī – Asparagus racemosus, kākolī – Fritillaria roylei, śrāvaṇī – Sphaeranthus indicus, medā – Polygonatum cirrhifolium mahāmedā – Polygonatum verticillatum, madhūlikā – or Glycyrrhiza glabra tat pṛthak – added separately with the powder of dhāmārgava – Luffa cylindrica and made liquid with the addition of (more of) honey and sugar, is best suited in cough and heart-burn. These are to be consumed followed by drinking of warm water when Kapha is associated with (increase of) Pitta and Usna (heat).
धान्यतुम्बुरुयूषेण कल्कस्तस्य विषापहः ।
बिम्ब्याः पुनर्नवाया वा कासमर्दस्य वा रसे ॥ ३९ ॥
एकं धामार्गवं द्वे वा मानसे मृदितं पिबेत् ।
तच्छृतक्षीरजं सर्पिः साधितं वा फलादिभिः ॥ ४० ॥
Its (dhamagava – Luffa cylindrica) paste consumed along with the soup of cereals tumburu – Zanthoxylum alatum removes poisons. Once or two (fruits of) dhāmārgavaṃ – Luffa cylindrica squeezed in the juice (or decoction) of either Coccinia indica, punarnavāyā vā – or Boerhavia diffusa kāsamardasya – or Cassia occidentalis should be consumed in disorders of the mind, or ghee prepared from milk boiled with the fruits of Luffa cylindrica.
Thus ends Dhamargava Kapha.
Kshveda Kalpa: Recipes of Kshveda
क्ष्वेडोऽतिकटुतीक्ष्णोष्णः प्रगाढेषु प्रशस्यते ।
कुष्ठपाण्ड्वामयप्लीहशोफगुल्मगरादिषु ॥ ४१ ॥
tikta Kosataki – Luffa acutangular being highly bitter, penetrating and hot (in policy) is best suited for diseases such as skin diseases, anaemia, splenic disorders, oedema, abdominal tumour and artificial poison etc., which are severe and longstanding.
पृथक् फलादिषट्कस्य क्वाथे मांसमनूपजम् ।
कोशातक्या समं सिद्धं तद्रसं लवणं पिबेत् ॥ ४२ ॥
फलादिपिप्पलीतुल्यं सिद्धं क्ष्वेडरसेऽथवा ।
क्ष्वेडक्वाथं पिबेत् सिद्धं मिश्रमिक्षुरसेन वा ॥ ४३ ॥
Meat (of animals) of Marshy regions along with equal quantity of Luffa acutangular are boiled in the decoction of the six (fruits) commencing with Phala (madana – Randia dumetorum, Jimuta – Luffa echinata, Iksvaku – Lagenaria siceraria, Dhamargava – Luffa cylindrica, Kosataki – Luffa acutangula and kutaja – Holarrhena antidysenterica); or equal quantity of fruit pulp and seeds of madanaphala (Randia dumetorum), Jimuta – Luffa echinata and Iksvaku – Lagenaria siceraria, should be processed with equal quantity of Luffa acutangular and mamsarasa (meat soup) or the decoction of Luffa acutangular should be consumed mixed with juice of Saccharum officinarum (sugarcane). That should be consumed with processed meat soup added with salt.
Thus, ends Ksveda Kalpa.
Kutaja Kalpa: Recipes of Kutaja
कौटजं सुकुमारेषु पित्तरक्तकफोदये ।
ज्वरे विसर्पे हृद्रोगे खुडे कुष्ठे च पूजितम् ॥४४॥
seeds of Kutaja – Holarrhena antidysenterica is best suited for Persons of tender constitution, when there is increase of Pitta, Rakta and Kapha, in fever, herpes, Heart diseases, gout and skin diseases (use of Kutaja) will be praised.
सर्षपाणां मधूकानां तोयेन लवणस्य वा ।
पाययेत् कौटजं बीजं युक्तं कृशरयाऽथवा ॥ ४५ ॥
सप्ताहं वाऽर्कदुग्धाक्तं तच्चूर्णं पाययेत् पृथक् ।
फलजीमूतकेक्ष्वाकुजीवन्तीजीवकोदकैः ॥ ४६ ॥
(powder of paste of) seeds of Holarrhena antidysenterica should be consumed along with the decoction of sarṣapāṇāṃ – either Brassica nigra madhūkānāṃ – Madhuca longifolia, or salt water, or along with Krsara (rice boiled with green gram). The powder of the seeds, for seven days should be soaked in the milky sap of Calotropis gigantea, may be consumed with the decoction of either Randia dumetorum, Luffa echinata, Lagenaria siceraria, jīvantī – Leptadenia reticulata jīvaka – or Malaxis acuminata.
Thus, ends Kutaja Kalpa.
वमनौषधमुख्यानामिति कल्पदिगीरिता ।
बीजेनानेन मतिमानन्यान्यपि च कल्पयेत् ॥४७॥
Thus was described, in brief, the decoctions for preparing important emetic recipes from this seed of information, the intelligent person can prepare recipes even from other herbs.
इति श्री वैद्यपति सिंहगुप्तसूनु श्रीमद्वाग्भटविरचितायामष्टाङ्गहृदयसंहितायां पञ्चमे कल्पसिद्धिस्थाने वमनकल्पो नाम प्रथमोऽध्याय: ॥ १॥
Thus, ends the chapter- Vamana Kalpa- the first in Kalpasiddhi sthana of Astangahrdaya Samhita, composed by Srimad Vagbhata, son of Sri Vaidyapati Simhagupta.
